Adverb বিশেষণের বিশেষণ বা ক্রিয়ার বিশেষণ
here, we will learn about diffferent types of Adverb and their examples.
Adverb ( বিশেষণের বিশেষণ বা ক্রিয়ার বিশেষণ)
Definition of Adverb: an adverb usually modifies an adjective, another adverb or a verb. যে সকল শব্দ কোনো Adjective, অন্য আরেকটি Adverb বা Verb কে বিশেষিত করে তাকে Adverb বলে।
Ex: 1. He has done well in the exam.
Ex: 2. I know where he lives.
Ex: 3. The girl is walking slowly.
Ex: 4. Today, I am ill.
Ex: 5. As he is my best friend, I will help him anyway.
Ex: 6. Yes, you are absolutely right.
Ex: 7. No, I don’t know this person.
Ex: 8. I do not like you.
Ex: 9. Come here please.
Ex: 10. Don’t go there.
Ex: 11. She can sing very well.
Ex: 12. The boy is very good.
Note: 1. An adverb expresses time, place, quality, number, quantity, manner, degree, affirmation or negation, reason, frequency etc. মনে রাখতে হবে, Adverb সাধারণত দোষ, গুণ, সংখ্যা, পরিমাণ, তুলনা, ধরন বা রকম, সময়, স্থান, কারণ, হ্যাঁ কিংবা না ইত্যাদি প্রকাশ করে।
Kinds: Adverb is mainly classified in to following types. Adverb কে নিম্নের প্রকারভেদ অনুসারে ভাগ করা যেতে পারে।
[a] Simple Adverb: the words which normally modify adjective, verb and adverb itself are called simple adverb. যে সকল Adverbial শব্দ কোনো Adjective, Verb এবং Adverb কে বিশেষিত করে তাদেরকে Simple Adverb বলে।
Ex: 1. She decorated the room well.
Ex: 2. You did a great mistake.
Ex: 3. The boy can swim fast.
Ex: 4. I tried my best to solve this problem.
[b] Adverb of time: the words which express time or sequence are called adverb of time. যে সকল শব্দ সময় বা কাল প্রকাশ করে তাদেরকে Adverb of Time বলে।
Ex: 1. I will arrive at your home in the morning.
Ex: 2. Yesterday I was attacked by cold and fever.
Ex: 3. Then the thief entered in to my house.
More Example of time: Now, Yet, Today, Nowadays, Presently, Instantly, Immediately, Already, Just now, Lately, recently, Yesterday, Formerly, Anciently, Once, Since, Till now, Long ago, Tomorrow, Hereafter, Soon, Shortly, When, Then, First, Just, Before, After, While, Meanwhile, Till, Until, Seasonably, Early, Late, Whenever, Afterward, Afterwards, Always, Ever, Never, Eternally, Forever, Perpetually, continually, Endlessly, Evermore, Everlastingly.
[c] Adverb of place: the adverbs which express place are called adverb of place. যে সকল শব্দ স্থান বুঝাতে ব্যবহৃত হয় তাকে Adverb of Place বলে।
Ex: 1. They are playing in the field.
Ex: 2. I will meet you in Luxmipur.
Ex: 3. Tomorrow you must come here.
[d] Adverb of frequency: the words which express regularity, irregularity, repetition of an event or habit are called adverb of frequency. যেসকল শব্দ দ্বারা কোন ঘটনা নিয়মিত,অনিয়মিত এবং পুনঃপুনঃ ঘটা বুঝায় তাকে Adverb of Frequency বলে।
Ex: 1. Usually, I go to the market on holiday.
Ex: 2. The boy hardly comes here.
Ex: 3. Generally, children are fond of sweets.
More Example of time: Often, Again, Occasionally, Frequently, Sometimes, Seldom, Rarely, Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Yearly, Annually, Once, Twice, Thrice or Three times.
[e] Adverb of negation or affirmation: if an adverb refers to affirmative or negative, it is called adverb of negation. যে সকল শব্দ দ্বারা হ্যাঁ অথবা না বুঝানো হ`য় তাদেরকে Adverb of Negation বলে।
Ex: 1. No, I will not be your friend.
Ex: 2. Yes, come in.
Ex: 3. Okay, I will take care of this matter.
Example of affirmation or assent: Yes, Yea, Truly, Indeed, Surely, Certainly, Doubtless, Undoubtedly, Assuredly.
Example of negation: No, Nay, Not, No way, No how.
[f] Adverb of manner: when an adverb expresses how the thing is done called adverb of manner. কোনো কাজ কিভাবে সম্পাদিত হয় তা Adverb of Manner প্রকাশ করে।
Ex: 1. The boy is running quickly.
Ex: 2. The baby was crying loudly.
[g] Adverb of purpose: the words which express the purpose or target of an event is called adverb of purpose. যে সকল শব্দ দ্বারা কোনো উদ্দেশ্য বুঝায় তাকে Adverb of Purpose বলে।
Ex: 1. I am studying hard to get good marks.
Ex: 2. She is begging to live in this earth.
Ex: 3. I will go to the cinema for enjoying a movie.
[h] Interrogative adverb: the adverbs which are used for asking any question called interrogative adverb. যে সকল Adverb দ্বারা কোনো প্রশ্ন করা হয় তাকে Interrogative Adverb বলে।
Ex: 1. Where do you live?
Ex: 2. When is your birth day?
Ex: 3. How do you make this curry?
Ex: 4. Why did you ask me this question?
[i] Relative adverb: the adverbs which relate one idea or sentence with another idea or sentence are called relative adverb. যে সকল Adverb দুটি ধারণা বা বাক্যের মধ্যে সম্পর্ক স্থাপন করে তাদেরকে Relative Adverb বলে।
Ex: 1. I know where he lives.
Ex: 2. Do you know why he will not come today?
[j] Adverb of reason: the adverbs which modify a sentence or clause expressing their reason are called adverb of reason. যে সকল Adverb কোনো দুটি বাক্য বা বাক্যাংশকে বিশেষিত করে এবং তাদের কারণ প্রকাশ করে তাদেরকে Adverb of Reason বলে।
Ex: 1. He could not go to school because he is ill.
Ex: 2. As she studied hard, she stood first in the exam.
[k] Conjunctive Adverb :the conjunctive adverbs are those which perform the activity of Conjunctions. মনে রাখতে হবে, যেসকল শব্দ দুটি বাক্য বা বাক্যাংশের মাঝে সংযোগ স্থাপন করে তাদেরকে Conjunctive Adverb বলে ।
Ex: I will also help you in this regard.
Ex: I will wait here until he comes.
Ex: You cannot get admission unless you pass the test.
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